西湖凹陷某构造花港组沉积相及致密砂岩储层特征

西湖凹陷某构造渐新统花港组是重要产气层系。通过岩心观察、薄片鉴定及样品测试等研究,利用岩石学特征及测井相分析方法,在前人研究的基础上,对渐新统花港组致密砂岩储层沉积相类型、储集空间特征、储层物性以及影响储层发育的主控因素进行了分析。认为研究区花港组发育河流—湖泊—三角洲沉积体系,上、下段分别发育了三角洲前缘和三角洲平原2种亚相类型,自下而上呈现湖平面上升的退积型沉积旋回;储层岩石类型主要为长石岩屑砂岩、岩屑长石砂岩和长石石英砂岩,岩石粒度中—细粒,骨架组分成熟度低,储集空间以次生溶蚀孔隙为主,裂缝不发育;储层物性差,属典型的致密砂岩储层,上、下段物性相差较大。沉积环境是花港组储层致密化的基本因素,而压实作用是花港组致密砂岩储层的主控因素,杂基含量高、碳酸盐胶结程度高也是储层致密化的重要因素;而溶解作用对致密砂岩相对优质储层段的发育具有明显的建设性作用。     

Structural deformation and fault activity of the Tan-Lu Fault zone in the Bohai Sea since the late Pleistocene

The Tan-Lu Fault zone (TLFZ) is a significant fractural zone in eastern China and also a seismicity belt in North China. Based on total 4000-km-long shallow penetrated single seismic data with high-resolution, structural deformation and fault activity of the TLFZ in the Bohai Sea since the late Pleistocene are discussed in detail. The results show that the TLFZ with a discontinuous distribution and a general NNE-trending consists of 14 active subfaults with an NNE or NE strike in the Bohai Sea. Seismic data reveal that de-formation zones along the subfaults in the central Bohai Sea and the Laizhou Bay are wider and more complex than those in the Liaodong Gulf. Related folds and lots of secondary normal faults which are characterized by nearly vertical fault planes and a same or reverse dip construct the fractural zone in the Laizhou Bay and the central Bohai Sea. Usually, micro symmetrical grabens develop on the top of anticlines. In the Liaodong Gulf, subfault fractural zones usually consist of secondary normal faults with the same inclination or opposite inclination. Ages of seismic sequences and cutting relation between subfaults and seismic sequences suggest that the latest faulting age of the TLFZ is the end of the late Pleistocene in the Liaodong Gulf and the early Holocene in the Laizhou Bay and the central Bohai Sea. There is a good match between distribution of earthquakes and that of the subfaults in the Laizhou Bay and the central Bohai. Statistical result shows that total vertical offset of the TLFZ since the late Pleistocene ranges from 6 to 11 m. On the basis of offsets of the subfaults, the vertical slip rate is calculated and results show that average vertical slip rates in the central Bohai Sea are larger than those in the Liaodong Gulf and the Laizhou Bay. Slip rates more than 0.06 mm/a during 23–10 ka B.P. and 85–65 ka B.P. are larger than those in other stages. The TLFZ was mainly dominated by tensional normal component since the late Pleistocene. Synthesizing shallow deformation, activity and distribution of earthquakes, the TLFZ in the Bohai Sea can be divided into three segments: the Laizhou-Bay segment, the Bozhong segment, and the Liaodong-Gulf segment.     

末次冰期以来东海内陆架沉积反映的海平面变化

对东海内陆架泥质沉积区MD06-3042孔(27°05.4′N,121°24.1′E,水深62m,岩芯长34.1m)样品进行了高分辨率的粒度分析和14C年代测试,重建了末次冰期以来东海内陆架区的海平面及沉积环境的变化.14.0ka左右,海平面已经到达现今海平面下62m等深线的位置,大量沉积物在此沉积.13.0~4.2ka之间,受海流等多种因素影响,少量沉积物在此沉积.4.2~3.2ka之间,现代东海内陆架的泥质沉积主体在该岩芯附近快速堆积.东海内陆架的泥质沉积体由北向南,由内向外逐渐形成,具有阶段性.     

深海风暴的原位观测

 深海风暴是高悬浮颗粒浓度水体在深海近海底的快速运动,能够损坏甚至摧毁一切障碍物,改变海底地形,影响深海底栖生态环境,但对其发生过程和沉积记录的认识尚缺乏原位观测研究。选择南海东北部台湾岸外高屏海底峡谷堤岸,通过布放锚系原位观测了2016年9月一次由浊流活动引发深海风暴的沉积物弥散发生过程,发现其表现为近海底悬浮颗粒浓度快速增加,并伴随温度升高和盐度降低。研究认为,深海风暴的沉积物弥散是海底峡谷沉积纹层形成的主要动力过程。     

埕岛油田流动单元定量划分与评价

 研究流动单元,对认识储层的非均质性,研究剩余油分布特征非常重要。针对流动单元间渗流屏障的分布不够重视、过多地强调了流动单元在垂向上的分层性、评价参数选取不合理等,以埕岛油田主体南区12块、20块馆陶组上段河流相储层为例,综合地质、测井、开发等资料,选取孔隙度、渗透率、粒度中值、泥质含量、砂体厚度、净毛比等反映储层渗流特征的多个评价参数,采用层次分析法,在沉积微相精细研究和渗流屏障识别的基础上,使用聚类和判别等数学方法,将该区开发小层内部的储层划分为极好、好、中等、差4类流动单元。通过与生产资料的对比分析,认为主力油层的分布与极好型流动单元有很好的一致性,表明小层内部的流动单元的研究能够为更准确地认识储层非均质性和剩余油分布规律提供一种可行的途径,对埕岛油田的生产开发部署具有一定的理论和现实意义。     

南海北部天然气水合物气源系统与成藏模式

天然气水合物成矿成藏条件与油气成藏条件虽然存在差异,但亦存在共同之处,即均需要有充足烃源供给及烃源供给系统输送与有利聚集场所的时空耦合配置。为了深入研究天然气水合物与常规油气运聚成藏条件之差异,根据南海北部陆坡深水区构造沉积演化特点及油气地质条件与多年来油气及水合物勘探成果,综合剖析了油气及天然气水合物气源构成特点与流体运聚输导系统特征,同时根据地质地球物理及地球化学分析,初步研究了气源供给运聚通道系统类型与高压低温天然气水合物稳定带的时空耦合配置关系,并结合油气地质及天然气水合物成矿成藏基本地质条件,总结和建立了南海北部陆坡深水区“生物气源自生自储扩散运聚型”、“热解气源断层裂隙输导下生上储运移渗漏型”和“热解气源底辟及气烟囱输导下生上储运移渗漏型”等3种成因类型的天然气水合物成矿成藏模式,以期能为南海北部深水区天然气水合物资源预测及有利勘查目标评价优选等提供决策依据与指导。     

浅析环渤海港口群的经济运行情况及对策

环渤海港口群,是我国北方最大的港口群,发展相对落后于长江三角洲港口群,珠江三角洲港口群。与这两个港口群相比,环渤海经济区内的国有经济比重较大,行政干预经济发展的力量比较强,市场力量决定资源配置还相对较弱。因此,如何充分发挥环渤海港口群的整体优势,立足于国内国际航运发展形势,改变其当前的不利处境,推动区域经济,的可持续发展是我们面临的重要课题。     

2011年秋季北黄海浮游植物群落

2011年11月21—25日在北黄海海域对32个站位进行了生物采样,应用Utermohl方法对调查海域的浮游植物群落进行了研究．经115个样品的分析,共发现浮游植物3门31属64种．调查区浮游植物群落主要由硅藻和甲藻组成,还有少量的金藻,物种以暖温性和广布性物种为主,主要优势种为：具槽帕拉藻、虹彩圆筛藻、三角角藻、斯氏几内亚藻、梭形角藻和旋链角毛藻等．本次调查浮游植物细胞丰度平均值为4．2×10^3个／L;硅藻占浮游植物细胞丰度的比例最大,平均值为3．6x10^3个／L;其次为甲藻,平均值为O．95×10^3个／L．调查海域浮游植物细胞丰度分布不均匀,辽宁南岸海域最高,山东近岸海域其次,北黄海中部海域最低．细胞丰度在水体中的垂直分布趋势为先降低后升高,其中底层的细胞丰度主要由具槽帕拉藻和虹彩圆筛藻贡献．从断面分布上看,细胞丰度高值多集中在受陆源输入影响明显的近岸海域．调查区浮游植物群落多样性指数和均匀度指数均在北黄海北部海域较高,在近岸海域较低．与历史资料的对比发现,近30年来北黄海浮游植物群落结构比较稳定．     

Sea surface temperature and terrestrial biomarker records of the last 260 ka of core MD05-2904 from the northern South China Sea

This paper reports high-resolution biomarker records of the last 260 ka for core MD05-2904 from the northern South China Sea （SCS）. The sea surface temperature （SST） record using the U37^k＇, index reveals a minimum of 21.5℃（MIS 2） and a maximum of 28.3℃（MIS 5.5）, for a temperature difference of almost 7℃, and provides the longest high-resolution U37^k＇ SST record in northern SCS. The content of odd-number long chain n-alkanes and several n-alkanes indexes such as the CPI, ACL and the C31/C27 ratio, all reveal generally higher values during the glacials and lower values during the interglaclals. Terrestrial input as Indicated by n-alkane content was mostly controlled by sea-level changes： During the glacials, lower sea-level exposed the continental shelf to enable rivers to transport more terrestrial materials to the slope; and the situation reverses during the interglacials. The n-alkane indexes changes reveal more n-alkanes from contemporary vegetation during glacials as a result of the proximity of the core site to the source region, while the increases in ACL and C81/C27 ratio during glaclals indicate a change to more grassy vegetation. However, the highest values for CPI, ACL and the C81/C27 ratio all occurred during late MIS 3, and it was suggested that this period was characterized by a strong summer monsoon-dominated humid climate which resulted in a denser vegetation for the exposed continental shelf region.     

Evaluation of a 3dVAR system for the South China Sea

The authors evaluate a three-dimensional variational （3dVAR） system for the South China Sea （SCS） in this study. The assimilation method applied in the system takes into consideration error correlation along each ground track and uses recursive filter for optimiza- tion. Data from three R/V cruises during the spring and summer of 1998 and the summer of 2000 are used to evaluate the system. The root-mean-square error and bias are reduced significantly and when the altimeter data are assimilated, the distribution of the error is much closer to the Gaussian distribution. Precipitation and river discharge in the southwestern SCS are reproduced, and the variability of sea surface height is efficiently transferred to the subsurface. The 3dVAR system performs well for each of the three cruises, suggesting that it is steady for routine usage.